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Influence of site conditions on seismic design parameters for foundations as determined via nonlinear

Muhammad Tariq A. CHAUDHARY

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 275-303 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0685-0

摘要： Site conditions, including geotechnical properties and the geological setting, influence the near-surface response of strata subjected to seismic excitation. The geotechnical parameters required for the design of foundations include mass density ( ), damping ratio ( ), shear wave velocity ( ), and soil shear modulus ( ). The values of the last three parameters are sensitive to the level of nonlinear strain induced in the strata due to seismic ground motion. In this study, the effect of variations in soil properties, such as plasticity index ( ), effective stress ( ), over consolidation ratio (OCR), impedance contrast ratio ( ) between the bedrock and the overlying strata, and depth of soil strata over bedrock ( ), on seismic design parameters ( , , and ) was investigated for National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) site classes C and D, through 1D nonlinear seismic site response analysis. The Morris one-at-a-time (OAT) sensitivity analysis indicated that , , and were significantly influenced by variations in , while affected more than it affected and . However, the influence of on these parameters was less significant. It was also found that variations in soil properties influenced seismic design parameters in soil type D more significantly than in soil type C. Predictive relationships for , , and were derived based on the 1D seismic site response analysis and sensitivity analysis results. The , , and values obtained from the analysis were compared with the corresponding values in NEHRP to determine the similarities and differences between the two sets of values. The need to incorporate and in the metrics for determining , , and for the seismic design of foundations was highlighted.

关键词： site effects     1D seismic site response analysis     sensitivity analysis     foundations     shear wave velocity     soil shear modulus    

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Effects of green roof damping and configuration on structural seismic response

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》   页码 1133-1144 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0959-9

摘要： Sustainable structures are critical for addressing global climate change. Hence, their structural resilience or ability to recover from natural events must be considered comprehensively. Green roofs are a widely used sustainable feature that improve the environment while providing excellent occupant amenity. To expand their usage, their inherent damping and layout sensitivity to seismic performance are investigated in this study. The soil of a green roof can serve as a damper to dissipate the energy generated by earthquakes or other dynamic events. Results of preliminary analysis show that a green roof soil can increase localized damping by 2.5% under both dry and saturated conditions. Based on these findings, nonlinear time-history analyses are conducted on a three-story building in SAP2000 to monitor the structural behavior with and without a green roof. The increased damping in the green roof soil is beneficial to the structural performance, i.e., it reduces the building displacement and acceleration by 10% and 12%, respectively. Additionally, certain configurations are more effective and beneficial to the structural response than others, which suggests the possibility of design optimization. Based on the findings of this study, new methods of modeling and considering green roofs in structural design are established.

关键词： green infrastructure     green roof     structural resilience     seismic design    

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Life cycle and performance based seismic design of major bridges in China

FAN Lichu

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第3期   页码 261-266 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0033-z

摘要： The idea of life cycle and performance based seismic design of major bridges is introduced. Based on the key components and non-key components of a bridge and the consideration of the inspectability, replaceability, reparability, controllability and retrofitability of the bridge components, different seismic design levels and expected performance objectives are suggested for the major bridges in China. The vulnerability analysis and progressive collapse analysis, as well as risk assessment, are also proposed to be the important issues to study in order to guide the seismic design of major bridges in the future.

关键词： controllability     progressive     reparability     different     important    

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Optimization design of anti-seismic engineering measures for intake tower based on non-dominated sorting

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》   页码 1428-1441 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0998-2

摘要： High-rise intake towers in high-intensity seismic areas are prone to structural safety problems under vibration. Therefore, effective and low-cost anti-seismic engineering measures must be designed for protection. An intake tower in northwest China was considered the research object, and its natural vibration characteristics and dynamic response were first analyzed using the mode decomposition response spectrum method based on a three-dimensional finite element model. The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) was adopted to optimize the anti-seismic scheme combination by comprehensively considering the dynamic tower response and variable project cost. Finally, the rationality of the original intake tower antiseismic design scheme was evaluated according to the obtained optimal solution set, and recommendations for improvement were proposed. The method adopted in this study may provide significant references for designing anti-seismic measures for high-rise structures such as intake towers located in high-intensity earthquake areas.

关键词： intake tower     NSGA-II     mode decomposition response spectrum method     anti-seismic engineering measures     optimization design     variable project cost    

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福岛核事故后中国广东核电集团核电厂抗震设计和评估进展

毛庆,吴应喜,张健,孟阿军,张涛,杨春菊,刘芳

《中国工程科学》 2013年 第15卷 第4期   页码 46-51

摘要：

本文介绍了核电站抗震设计要求、在建和运行核电站的抗震设计情况以及运行核电站遭遇地震灾害的情况，简述了福岛核事故后世界各国核电站在抗震方面采取的措施，针对中国广东核电集团在福岛核事故后的行动进行了详细介绍，并提出了新建核电厂在抗震设计和评估方面的策略，以期通过技术手段持续提升核电站的抗震能力。

关键词： 抗震设计基准     超设计基准地震     抗震裕量分析（SMA）     隔震    

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Displacement-based seismic design of high-strength concrete frame columns

ZHANG Guojun, LIU Jianxin, LU Xilin

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第1期   页码 93-101 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0006-x

摘要： Based on the testing results of 108 high-strength concrete columns under constant axial loading and horizontal cyclic loading, the relations between the drift ratio at yield, the maximum displacement drift, the limiting displacement drift, the ductility ratio of testing columns and shear span-to-depth ratio, axial compression ratio, confining reinforcement characteristic values, the ratio of cover area to confined core area as well as longitudinal reinforcement ratio are discussed in this paper. Then the relations between limiting displacement drifts and axial compression ratio, confining reinforcement characteristic values and the ratio of cover area to confined core area are analytically regressed. Subsequently the relations between confining reinforcement characteristic values and axial compression ratio, the limiting displacement drift, and the practical formula used to calculate confining reinforcement characteristic values are put forward. In the end the minimum confining reinforcement characteristic values in the dense hoop regions of high-strength concrete columns are presented by comparatively analysis, and compared with ones in the design code (GB 50010-2002, P. R. China).

关键词： horizontal cyclic     longitudinal reinforcement     design     loading     constant    

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A hybrid LQR-PID control design for seismic control of buildings equipped with ATMD

Amir Hossein HEIDARI, Sadegh ETEDALI, Mohamad Reza JAVAHERI-TAFTI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 44-57 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0382-6

摘要： This paper presents an efficient hybrid control approach through combining the idea of proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller and linear quadratic regulator (LQR) control algorithm. The proposed LQR-PID controller, while having the advantage of the classical PID controller, is easy to implement in seismic-excited structures. Using an optimization procedure based on a cuckoo search (CS) algorithm, the LQR-PID controller is designed for a seismic- excited structure equipped with an active tuned mass damper (ATMD). Considering four earthquakes, the performance of the proposed LQR-PID controller is evaluated. Then, the results are compared with those given by a LQR controller. The simulation results indicate that the LQR-PID performs better than the LQR controller in reduction of seismic responses of the structure in the terms of displacement and acceleration of stories of the structure.

关键词： seismic control     tuned mass dampers     cuckoo search     PID controller     LQR controller    

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Comparative seismic design optimization of spatial steel dome structures through three recent metaheuristic

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 57-74 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0784-y

摘要： Steel dome structures, with their striking structural forms, take a place among the impressive and aesthetic load bearing systems featuring large internal spaces without internal columns. In this paper, the seismic design optimization of spatial steel dome structures is achieved through three recent metaheuristic algorithms that are water strider (WS), grey wolf (GW), and brain storm optimization (BSO). The structural elements of the domes are treated as design variables collected in member groups. The structural stress and stability limitations are enforced by ASD-AISC provisions. Also, the displacement restrictions are considered in design procedure. The metaheuristic algorithms are encoded in MATLAB interacting with SAP2000 for gathering structural reactions through open application programming interface (OAPI). The optimum spatial steel dome designs achieved by proposed WS, GW, and BSO algorithms are compared with respect to solution accuracy, convergence rates, and reliability, utilizing three real-size design examples for considering both the previously reported optimum design results obtained by classical metaheuristic algorithms and a gradient descent-based hyperband optimization (HBO) algorithm.

关键词： steel dome optimization     water strider algorithm     grey wolf algorithm     brain storm optimization algorithm     hyperband optimization algorithm    

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A multi-objective design method for seismic retrofitting of existing reinforced concrete frames using

Yue CHEN; Rong XU; Hao WU; Tao SHENG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第9期   页码 1089-1103 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0851-z

摘要： Over the past several decades, a variety of technical ways have been developed in seismic retrofitting of existing reinforced concrete frames (RFs). Among them, pin-supported rocking walls (PWs) have received much attentions to researchers recently. However, it is still a challenge that how to determine the stiffness demand of PWs and assign the value of the drift concentration factor (DCF) for entire systems rationally and efficiently. In this paper, a design method has been exploited for seismic retrofitting of existing RFs using PWs (RF-PWs) via a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm. Then, the method has been investigated and verified through a practical project. Finally, a parametric analysis was executed to exhibit the strengths and working mechanism of the multi-objective design method. To sum up, the findings of this investigation show that the method furnished in this paper is feasible, functional and can provide adequate information for determining the stiffness demand and the value of the DCF for PWs. Furthermore, it can be applied for the preliminary design of these kinds of structures.

关键词： pin-supported rocking wall     reinforced concrete frame     seismic retrofit     stiffness demand     drift concentration factor     multi-objective design     genetic algorithm     Pareto optimal solution    

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Intermediate HSS bracing members during seismic excitations: modeling, design, and behavior

Madhar HADDAD

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 148-162 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0375-5

摘要： Concentric hollow structural section (HSS) bracing members are used frequently in steel framed structural systems to resist seismic excitations. Finite element modeling of the HSS braces that utilizes the true stress-strain curves produces hysteresis responses that are reasonable matches to the experimental response. True stress-strain curves are obtained from coupon tests or stub-column tests while utilizing an exponential function or strain hardening rule with a trial and error procedure to obtain the hysteresis behavior. In the current study, the true stress-strain curves are directly obtained from tests on stub-columns extracted from the full scale HSS bracing members away from the mid-length plastic hinge after cyclic testing. Two experimental tests (Shaback 2001 and Haddad 2004) were used to validate the model. Results indicate that the stress-strain curves for these braces are not unique. A refined damage accumulation model for ultra-low-cycle fatigue is implemented to predict fracture of the brace tests. The refined damage model is then used in the finite element modeling to predict fracture of braces in a chevron braced frame of an eight-storey building subjected to selected ground motions analyzed using OpenSees program. Results indicate that all braces could sustain the selected earthquake records without fracture.

关键词： HSS     FEM     stress-strain curves     damage model    

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Seismic design of high-rise towers for cable-stayed bridges under strong earthquakes

Yan XU, Shide HU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第4期   页码 451-457 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0127-5

摘要： This paper presents the first of a series of studies on the seismic design of high-rise towers for cable-stayed bridges under strong earthquakes. One practical cable-stayed bridge with a 730 m long main span and two high-rise towers over 200 m in height was selected for this study. The preliminary results show that compared with piers, the tower is more vulnerable to pulse-like earthquakes, and it may develop plasticity at certain locations. In addition, viscous dampers may not have the same effect during pulse-like earthquakes as they do under site-specific earthquakes. Hence, reoptimization of damper parameters or reconsideration of other energy dissipation devices will be needed if strong earthquakes are likely to occur.

关键词： high-rise tower     cable-stayed bridge     strong earthquake     seismic design    

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Development of a seismic design method based on response spectra for building structures

ZHOU Xiyuan, YU Ruifang

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第2期   页码 129-141 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0014-2

摘要： The assumption and problem of the mode-superposition response spectrum method in seismic design code is discussed based on a brief review of the development of the seismic design method for building structures. The scope of application for the classical damping theory is analyzed and the necessity of the research on mode-superposition method for non-classical damping is presented. The progresses on the mode superposition response spectrum theory are discussed. This includes: 1) the complex mode superposition method (in real form) for the non-classically damped linear system and the general calculation formula for the application of code; 2) the complex complete quadratic combination (CCQC) method for the non-classically damped linear system, which is based on the same assumptions as in deducing the complete quadratic combination (CQC) method which is popularly used in seismic design codes of many countries; 3) the complex complete quadratic combination with three components (CCQC3) method, which is a generalization of the CCQC method to the case of multi-components and multiple-support seismic excitations and deducing corresponding method; 4) the approach for calculation of seismic response of the non-classically damped system with overcritical damping and the calculation method of seismic response for the linear system with multiple eigenvalues; 5) the time-dependent CCQC (t) algorithm considering nonstationary earthquake ground motion; 6) an applied and effective method to solve the low order complex vector basis for the large linear non-classically damped system, which can be expediently used in practice to avoid the unknown errors coming from the forced uncoupling method; 7) bringing forward the concept of partial quadratic combination in order to reduce the calculation amount of CQC and CCQC methods, and studying the primary estimation-criterion. The reasonability and applicable scope of these methods are also briefly discussed in this paper.

关键词： generalization     classical damping     mode-superposition response     calculation formula     damping theory    

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Ranking of design scenarios of TMD for seismically excited structures using TOPSIS

Sadegh ETEDALI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期   页码 1372-1386 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0671-y

摘要： In this paper, design scenarios of a tuned mass damper (TMD) for seismically excited structures are ranked. Accordingly, 10 design scenarios in two cases, namely unconstrained and constrained for the maximum TMD, are considered in this study. A free search of the TMD parameters is performed using a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm for optimum tuning of TMD parameters. Furthermore, nine criteria are adopted with respect to functional, operational, and economic views. A technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) is utilized for ranking the adopted design scenarios of TMD. Numerical studies are conducted on a 10-story building equipped with TMD. Simulation results indicate that the minimization of the maximum story displacement is the optimum design scenario of TMD for the seismic-excited structure in the unconstrained case for the maximum TMD stroke. Furthermore, H of the displacement vector of the structure exhibited optimum ranking among the adopted design scenarios in the constrained case for the maximum TMD stroke. The findings of this study can be useful and important in the optimum design of TMD parameters with respect to functional, operational, and economic perspectives.

关键词： seismic-excited building     TMD     optimum design     PSO     design scenario     TOPSIS    

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Seismic performance of moment resisting steel frame subjected to earthquake excitations

Fadzli M. NAZRI, Pang Yew KEN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第1期   页码 19-25 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0240-3

摘要： This study presents static and dynamic assessments on the steel structures. Pushover analysis (POA) and incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) were run on moment resisting steel frames. The IDA study involves successive scaling and application of each accelerogram followed by assessment of the maximum response. Steel frames are subjected to nonlinear inelastic time history analysis for 14 different scaled ground motions, 7 near field and 7 far field. The results obtained from POA on the 3, 6 and 9 storey steel frames show consistent results for both uniform and triangular lateral loading. Uniform loading shows that the steel frames exhibits higher base shear than the triangular loading. The IDA results show that the far field ground motions has caused all steel frame design within the research to collapse while near field ground motion only caused some steel frames to collapse. The POA can be used to estimate the performance-based-seismic-design (PBSD) limit states of the steel frames with consistency while the IDA seems to be quite inconsistent. It is concluded that the POA can be consistently used to estimate the limit states of steel frames while limit state estimations from IDA requires carefully selected ground motions with considerations of important parameters.

关键词： incremental dynamic analysis (IDA)     pushover analysis     performance-based seismic design    

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Experimental study of the restoring force mechanism in the self-centering beam (SCB)

Abhilasha MAURYA,Matthew R. EATHERTON

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第3期   页码 272-282 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0346-x

摘要： In the past, several self-centering (SC) seismic systems have been developed. However, examples of self-centering systems used in practice are limited due to unusual field construction practices, high initial cost premiums and deformation incompatibility with the gravity framing. A self centering beam moment frame (SCB-MF) has been developed that mitigates several of these issues while adding to the advantages of a typical SC system. The self-centering beam (SCB) is a shop-fabricated, self-contained structural component that when implemented in a moment resisting frame can bring a building back to plumb after an earthquake. This paper describes the SCB concepts and experimental program on five SCB specimens at two-third scale relative to a prototype building. Experimental results are presented including the global force-deformation behavior. The SCBs are shown to undergo 5%–6% story drift without any observable damage to the SCB body and columns. Strength equations developed for the SCB predict the moment capacity well, with a mean difference of 6% between experimental and predicted capacities. The behavior of the restoring force mechanism is described. The limit states that cause a loss in system's restoring force which lead to a decrease in the self-centering capacity of the SCB-MF, are presented.

关键词： self-centering seismic system     seismic design     hysteretic behavior     restoring force     resilient structural system    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Influence of site conditions on seismic design parameters for foundations as determined via nonlinear

Muhammad Tariq A. CHAUDHARY

期刊论文

Effects of green roof damping and configuration on structural seismic response

期刊论文

Life cycle and performance based seismic design of major bridges in China

FAN Lichu

期刊论文

Optimization design of anti-seismic engineering measures for intake tower based on non-dominated sorting

期刊论文

福岛核事故后中国广东核电集团核电厂抗震设计和评估进展

毛庆,吴应喜,张健,孟阿军,张涛,杨春菊,刘芳

期刊论文

Displacement-based seismic design of high-strength concrete frame columns

ZHANG Guojun, LIU Jianxin, LU Xilin

期刊论文

A hybrid LQR-PID control design for seismic control of buildings equipped with ATMD

Amir Hossein HEIDARI, Sadegh ETEDALI, Mohamad Reza JAVAHERI-TAFTI

期刊论文

Comparative seismic design optimization of spatial steel dome structures through three recent metaheuristic

期刊论文

A multi-objective design method for seismic retrofitting of existing reinforced concrete frames using

Yue CHEN; Rong XU; Hao WU; Tao SHENG

期刊论文

Intermediate HSS bracing members during seismic excitations: modeling, design, and behavior

Madhar HADDAD

期刊论文

Seismic design of high-rise towers for cable-stayed bridges under strong earthquakes

Yan XU, Shide HU

期刊论文

Development of a seismic design method based on response spectra for building structures

ZHOU Xiyuan, YU Ruifang

期刊论文

Ranking of design scenarios of TMD for seismically excited structures using TOPSIS

Sadegh ETEDALI

期刊论文

Seismic performance of moment resisting steel frame subjected to earthquake excitations

Fadzli M. NAZRI, Pang Yew KEN

期刊论文

Experimental study of the restoring force mechanism in the self-centering beam (SCB)

Abhilasha MAURYA,Matthew R. EATHERTON

期刊论文